Citizen action
How can we help to make streets more inclusive?
On this page you’ll find resources that support all of us to make a difference by changing things we do in our day-to-day lives and resources that support us to go a step further to make our communities more accessible and inclusive.
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Change-making in our day-to-day lives
What we do – when using roads, living near roads and working in urban environments – can help make streets more accessible, inclusive and, reduce exclusionary barriers to access. These suggestions are based on information provided by disabled people, older people, parents and other pedestrians who participated in the IPS project. Many are underpinned by legal obligations.
Awareness guide (UK)
When we’re at home or work
What we can do
Cut back vegetation encroaching onto pavements, those at head-height, or with thorns. These can be particularly dangerous, especially for those with visual or mobility impairments.
Avoid creating trip hazards (e.g. charging cables for electric cars) on pavements.
Put bins where pedestrians (including wheelchair-users) can pass by without having to leave the pavement. If there are difficulties in achieving this, reach out to residents’ groups or local authorities to arrange more appropriate positions; moving on and off pavements is not safe or possible for many disabled people.
Park cars where they do not block the pavement or access points to the pavement, such as dropped kerbs, for those with mobility impairments or those using pushchairs etc.
Keep pavements clear of leaves and snow.
Report any faults or hazards in the pavements near where we live or work to local councils so that they are aware of the need for repair.
Underpinning legal obligations
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Wheelie Bins
Covering the issue of bins on and around pavements.
This video will start playing at 14s
When we’re a Pedestrian
What we can do
Be alert to the possibility that other pedestrians may be disabled people.
Keep any phone calls whilst on the move short and stopping in an out-of-the-way place for longer calls.
Give blind people space to reach the control-box on a pedestrian crossing, as they might need to feel a spinning cone underneath the box that signals when to cross.
Ask a disabled person waiting to cross a road if they’d like assistance and, if they would, ask them how exactly.
Avoid dropping litter.
Underpinning legal obligations
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Lyn’s Routine Journey
Lyn, a guide dog owner, wears a camera to document her journey in Glasgow, UK, as she navigates: pedestrain crossings; stairs; and building materials.
This video will start playing at 5m24s
John’s Routine Journey
John, a man with a vision impairment, wears a camera to document his journey around Leeds, UK, as he navigates: street furniture; bike racks; and shared space.
This video will start playing at 3m46s
When we’re driving
What we can do
Comply with The Highway Code, including stopping to let pedestrians cross roads.
Avoid parking on pavements.
Avoid parking so as to block dropped kerbs or pedestrian crossings.
When parking, check there is nothing sticking out from our vehicle across a pavement.
Check for passing pedestrians before opening vehicle doors onto the pavement.
Underpinning legal obligations
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
My Journey
Journey of one of the participants of the IPS Project, Ranvir, who narrates the issues he encounters.
When we’re cycling
What we can do
Comply with The Highway Code.
Avoid cycling on pavements.
Be alert to pedestrians who might need to cross the cycle lane, particularly if they have a white cane, a guide dog, or a mobility device.
Slow down and stop to let pedestrians cross.
Be aware that pedestrians walking or wheeling in a cycle lane might have no choice but to do so.
Be constantly mindful of pedestrians when cycling in shared space. Dismount and push the bike if that would make pedestrians safer.
Make sure our bikes have working bells.
Underpinning legal obligations
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Lyn’s Routine Journey
Lyn, a guide dog owner, wears a camera to document her journey in Glasgow, UK, as she navigates: pedestrain crossings; stairs; and building materials.
This video will start playing at 3m09s
Floating Bus Stops
Covering the issue of floating bus stops, including: attitudes; and cycle lanes.
This video will start playing at 54s
When using scooters or other micro-mobility devices
What we can do
Comply with The Highway Code and all relevant laws and guidance, including not going onto public roads or pavements with a privately owned scooter.
Never ride scooters on pavements, even if it is technically lawful to do so.
Be constantly mindful of pedestrians when in shared spaces. Dismount and push the scooter if that would keep pedestrians safer.
Underpinning legal obligations
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Floating Bus Stops
Covering the issue of floating bus stops, including: attitudes; and cycle lanes.
When at work or running a business
What we can do
Avoid putting A-board signs on pavements.
Avoid attaching anything to a building if it sticks out into the pavement at body or head height.
Contain outdoor café furniture etc within some kind of surrounding border fence which extends to floor-level.
Keep pavements outside the business premises clean.
Underpinning legal obligations
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Absence of Kerbs
Covering the issue of kerbs, and the lack of them in shared spaces.
This video will start playing at 1m08s
Lyn’s Routine Journey
Lyn, a guide dog owner, wears a camera to document her journey in Glasgow, UK, as she navigates: pedestrain crossings; stairs; and building materials.
This video will start playing at 1m32s
Printable version of the Public Awareness Guide
Awareness guide: (India)
When we’re a pedestrian
Some pedestrians will have disabilities even if this is not obvious. A white cane indicates that a person is blind or partially sighted. A red and white cane indicates that a person has difficulties both hearing and seeing. Somebody using hand gestures might be Deaf and communicating in Sign Language, and unable to hear you.
Ask people with disabilities who seem to be struggling, (e.g. with crossing the road) or approaching a danger (e.g. uncovered potholes) if they would like help. If they say yes, ask them how they would like to be helped.
Be considerate when using the road and walkways:
Give people with disabilities time / space to pass through narrow gaps.
Keep phone calls short and move out of the way for longer calls.
Do not drop litter.
Our Legal Obligations
Be aware of your legal obligations, including for negligence.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Jayant’s Routine Journey
Jayant, a man with vision impairment, is followed by a videographer documenting his journey in Delhi, India, as he navigates: kerbs; potholes; and footpath disrepair.
View Hindi version 
View Marathi version When we’re at home
Make sure nothing sticks out over pavements near your home, e.g. vegetation or windows.
Avoid leaving anything on pavements that might be a trip hazard.
Avoid parking vehicles on pavements.
Keep pavements near your home clear of rubbish.
Our Legal Obligations
Report problems with pavements near your home to the municipal authority. Also, be aware of your legal obligations as a homeowner or occupier.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Obstructive Parking
Covering parking obstruction issues, including: footpath width; rickshaws; temporary obstacles; and bollards.
This video will start playing at 25s
Vegetation Related Barriers
Covering vegetation-related issues, including: tree roots; overhanging branches; and trip hazards.
This video will start playing at 13s
When we’re driving cars, vans or other motorised vehicles
Stop to let pedestrians cross roads, especially if they have a disability.
Avoid parking on walkways.
Avoid parking so as to block pedestrian crossings or ramps for accessing pavements.
Make sure that there is nothing sticking out from your vehicle across the pavement.
When parked, check for passing pedestrians before opening doors across pavements.
Do not park in spaces for drivers with disabilities.
Our Legal Obligations
Be aware of your legal obligations, including under the Motor Vehicles Act 1988. Criminal law and negligence law also apply.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Rewant’s Routine Journey
Rewant, a wheelchair user, wears a camera to document his journey in Delhi, India, as he navigates: traffic; footpath disrepair; and building materials.
This video will start playing at 25s
When we’re riding a motor bike, bicycle, scooter or other micromobility device
Avoid riding on pavements, or in areas with lots of pedestrians.
Slow down and stop to let pedestrians with disabilities cross.
Be considerate and helpful to pedestrians with disabilities, for whom navigating busy streets is often very stressful.
Give pedestrians with whom you are sharing space plenty of space and slow down. Or, better still, get off and push until you are through the crowds.
Fit your bike/scooter etc with a working bell so you can alert pedestrians.
Our Legal Obligations
Be aware of your legal obligations, including under the Motor Vehicles Act 1988. Criminal and negligence law also apply.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Road Crossings and Other Interactions with Vehicles
Covering issues of: crossing infrastructure; driver attitudes; and pedestrian safety.
This video will start playing at 1m56s
When we’re at work or running a business
Avoid putting boards /signs or street furniture on pavements.
Avoid allowing anything to stick out across pavements at head height or below, e.g. an open window.
Avoid placing market stalls where they will make pedestrian thoroughfares too narrow for wheelchair-users or create trip hazards and crowding.
Put up fencing around outdoor stalls or café furniture, with ground-level barriers so they can be felt with a long cane.
Keep pavements clean and free of rubbish and clutter.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Trade Related Barriers
Covering trade-related barrier issues, including: stalls; produce displays; advertising boards; and street furniture.
This video will start playing at 55s
Our Legal Obligations
Be aware of your legal obligations. Comply with best practice design guidance for access features.
Read the full Indian Guide
Awareness guide (Netherlands)
When we’re a pedestrian
Be alert to the possibility that other pedestrians may be persons with disabilities and that their impairments may not be apparent. Note that a white cane indicates that the person holding it is blind or partially-sighted and that a red and white cane indicates that the person has both hearing and visual impairments. Note that somebody using hand gestures might be communicating in Sign Language and unable to hear you.
Anticipate where there are narrow gaps and give people with disabilities (such as people using long canes or crutches) time and space to move through.
Keep any phone calls whilst on the move short and stop in an out-of-the-way place for longer calls – to avoid walking whilst being distracted from what is going on around us.
If a person, who you think might have a disability, has been trying to cross a road for some time, ask if they’d like any assistance. If they say no, trust their judgement and let them be. If they say yes, ask them how they would like to be helped – eg being told when it’s OK to cross, offering an arm etc. Do not assume that a blind person would like to be guided by you pulling on their cane. They need the cane to feel obstacles around them and you lifting it up takes this possibility away from them.
Not dropping litter – it might become slippery or a trip hazard.
Our Legal Obligations
Wegenverkeerswet / The Road Traffic Act 1994
Applies to all road users, including pedestrians. Of note is Article 5 which applies to all road users and prohibits causing a hazard or potential hazard on the public highway or obstructing other road users in any way.
Reglement verkeersregels en verkeerstekens / Regulation Traffic Rules and Road Signs 1990 (RVV 1990)
The Regulation prescribes the place on the road for all road users, including pedestrians. For example, Article 4 RVV requires pedestrians to use the pavement or footpath.
Civil Code
General tort provision, Article 6:162, according to which every person owes a general duty of care to other persons. If this care is not applied, and a person sustains damage as a result of this negligence, the perpetrator may be liable for the damages. This duty also applies to pedestrians causing injury to other pedestrians. This may happen in a collision between a pedestrian with a person pushing a pram, a skater or a jogger.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Toegankelijke Stoepen en Straten in Utrecht
Covering issues of accessible public spaces, including: temporary street obstacles; cycle lanes; and parked vehicles in pedestrian spaces.
View English version This video will start playing at 1m40s
When we’re at home
Make sure no trees or bushes stick out over the pavement at head-height or below.
Don’t create trip hazards across the pavement – eg bikes or signs.
Make sure that vehicles (such as cars or bikes) are parked off the pavement.
Keep nearby pavements clear of bins, obstacles and rubbish.
Report any faults or hazards nearby pavements to the local municipality.
Our Legal Obligations
Civil Code, Article 6:162
Homeowners, tenants and occupiers may owe a duty of care to pedestrians under the tort of negligence. For example, an obstruction left outside one’s home could create a trip hazard and give rise liability.
Civil Code, Article 6:174
This provision codifies the liability for damages as a result of failure to prevent users from danger. The full text of article 6:174 Civil Code reads:
The owner of a premises that does not meet the requirements that may be expected from it in the given circumstances, and thereby poses a danger to persons or property, is liable, when this danger arises, unless liability pursuant to the previous section would have been missing had he known this danger at the time of its creation. In these cases, a risk liability exists for the proprietor of a street or pedestrian area. Culpability does not need to be established.
Municipal Ordinances
In many municipalities, there are ordinances which include prohibitions of blocking streets and pedestrian areas, or causing a nuisance. For example, Utrecht’s Algemene plaatselijke verordening (‘General Local Ordinance’ – APV) includes provisions relating to the placing of obstructions on or above roads and the obstruction of footpaths.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Joshua’s Routine Reis
Joshua, a wheelchair user, wears a camera to document his journey in Utrecht, Netherlands, as he navigates: lamp posts; narrow footpaths; and footpaths in disrepair.
This video will start playing at 25s
Maja’s Routine Reis
Maja, a mother with a pram and small children, wears a camera to document her journey in Utrecht, Netherlands, as she navigates: overgrown vegetation; bollards; and narrow footpaths.
This video will start playing at 1m12s
When we’re driving cars, vans or riding motorbikes
Comply with The Road Traffic Act and other relevant laws and guidance.
Stop to let pedestrians with disabilities cross roads.
Don’t park on pavements.
Don’t park so as to block dropped kerbs or pedestrian crossings.
Make sure that, when parking, there is nothing sticking out from vehicles across the pavement.
When parking, check for passing pedestrians before opening doors onto the pavement.
Don’t park in spaces designated for persons with disabilities.
Our Legal Obligations
Wegenverkeerswet / The Road Traffic Act 1994
Applies to all road users, including drivers, and covers a range of relevant obligations. Particularly noteworthy are Article 5 which prohibits causing a hazard or potential hazard on the public highway or obstructing other road users in any way; Article 5A is aimed at forbidding dangerous traffic behaviour with potential serious consequences.
Reglement verkeersregels en verkeerstekens / Regulation Traffic Rules and Road Signs 1990 (RVV 1990)
Article 10 RVV requires road users to park their vehicle anywhere but on a pavement or footpath. This article is intended to prevent vehicles from blocking the pavement. In addition, Article 49 requires drivers to give priority to pedestrians carrying a white cane and to other persons with disabilities.
Civil Code
Article 6:162, as mentioned above, sets out the general duty of care that road users owe to other persons. Thus, drivers, motorists and road users may be liable if they fail to exercise reasonable care, and a pedestrian suffers injury or harm as a result.
Municipal Ordinances
In many municipalities, there are ordinances which include prohibitions of blocking streets and pedestrian areas, or causing a nuisance. These are often based on Chapter 2 of the Model Ordinance of the VNG, which includes a general prohibition (with exemptions) against using a street other than according to its public purpose, if that use inflicts damage to the road or impedes its usability. An example of relevant municipal regulations is Utrecht’s Algemene plaatselijke verordening (‘General Local Ordinance’ – APV). This prohibits the parking of mopeds and similar vehicles if a pavement or footpath is obstructed.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Voetgangersoversteekplaatsen
Covering issues of crossing the road, including: positioning of obstacles; cycling infrastructure; and kerbs.
This video will start playing at 34s
When we’re cycling
Avoid cycling on walkways or in areas with lots of pedestrians.
Be alert to pedestrians who might need to cross, particularly if they have a white cane, crutches or some other mobility device.
Slow down when you see young children on the pavement, in case they come into the road unexpectedly.
Slow down and stop to let pedestrians with disabilities cross.
Be aware that being a pedestrian (particularly with disabilities) on a busy road is extremely stressful and that there may be disability-related reasons for them not being on a pavement. Be considerate and helpful.
When cycling in a space that is shared with pedestrians, be mindful of them. Give them plenty of space and keep speed down or get off and push.
Fit bikes with working bells, so pedestrians who can hear will know you’re coming.
Our Legal Obligations
Wegenverkeerswet / The Road Traffic Act 1994
Applies to all road users, including cyclists. Article 5 prohibits causing a hazard or potential hazard on the public highway or obstructing other road users in any way.
Reglement verkeersregels en verkeerstekens / Regulation Traffic Rules and Road Signs 1990 (RVV 1990)
Articles 5 and 6 RVV 1990 require all road users to use the road section allocated to them, which suggests that using a road section they are not supposed to use amounts to a traffic violation. That implies that any cyclist, who is cycling on a pedestrian area, is liable for a traffic fine.
Civil Code, Article 6:162
Liability in tort could arise where a cyclist causes injury or harm to a pedestrian.
Municipal Ordinances
In many municipalities, there are ordinances which include prohibitions of blocking streets and pedestrian areas, or causing a nuisance. These are often based on Chapter 2 of the Model Ordinance of the VNG, which includes a general prohibition (with exemptions) against using a street other than according to its public purpose, if that use inflicts damage to the road or impedes its usability. Examples of relevant municipal regulations include Utrecht’s Algemene plaatselijke verordening (‘General Local Ordinance’ – APV). This prohibits the parking of bikes and similar vehicles if a pavement or footpath is obstructed.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Cyclist Infrastructure and Behaviour Dutch
Covering issues of cyclist infrastructure, including: crossings; attitudes; and cycle lanes.
This video will start playing at 2m20s
When we’re using scooters (bromfietsen of snorfietsen) or other micro-mobility devices
Comply with all relevant laws and guidance.
Never ride (bromfietsen of snorfietsen) on pavements, even if it is technically lawful to do so. Dismount and push.
When in spaces that are shared with pedestrians, always be mindful of pedestrians – get off and push, or give them plenty of space and keep speed down.
Our Legal Obligations
Wegenverkeerswet / The Road Traffic Act 1994
Applies to all road users, including user of (bromfietsen of snorfietsen) or other micro-mobility devices. ‘Scooters’ are the same as ‘mopeds’ under Dutch law, thus the same rules apply as they do to mopeds. Article 5 prohibits causing a hazard or potential hazard on the public highway or obstructing other road users in any way.
Reglement verkeersregels en verkeerstekens / Regulation Traffic Rules and Road Signs 1990 (RVV 1990)
Articles 5 and 6 RVV 1990 require all road users to use the road section allocated to them, which suggests that using a road section they are not supposed to use amounts to a traffic violation. That implies that ‘bromfiets- of snorfiets’ user, who is ‘riding on a pedestrian area, is liable for a traffic fine.
Civil Code, Article 6:162
All road users owe a duty of care to each other, including pedestrians. Where a person is using an e-scooter in a negligent or unsafe manner, such as riding fast on the pavement or footpath or pedestrian area, it could give rise to civil or even criminal liability.
Een voorbeeld is de aansprakelijkheid van een scooterrijder voor schade bij een aanrijding met voetgangers in een zaak voor de rechtbank Noord-Holland (https://deeplink.rechtspraak.nl/uitspraak?id=ECLI:NL:RBNHO:2023:1390).
Municipal Ordinances
In many municipalities, there are ordinances which include prohibitions of blocking streets and pedestrian areas, or causing a nuisance. These are often based on Chapter 2 of the Model Ordinance of the VNG, which includes a general prohibition (with exemptions) against using a street other than according to its public purpose, if that use inflicts damage to the road or impedes its usability. Examples of relevant municipal regulations are: Utrecht’s Algemene plaatselijke verordening (‘General Local Ordinance’ – APV). This prohibits the parking of bicycles, mopeds and similar vehicles if a pavement or footpath is obstructed.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Vincent’s Routine Reis
Vincent, a wheelchair user, wears a camera to document his journey in Almere, Netherlands, as he navigates: parked vehicles; narrow footpaths; and overgrown vegetation.
This video will start playing at 2m24s
When we’re at work or running a business
Don’t put advertisements or other boards /signs on pavements.
Don’t allow anything (eg an open window) to stick out from a building into the pavement at head-height or below.
Make sure that outdoor café furniture etc is enclosed by some kind of surrounding border fence, which extends to floor-level so that it can be detected by blind people using long canes.
Keep nearby pavements clean and free of rubbish.
Comply with best practice design guidance for the installation and positioning of ramps and other access features.
Our Legal Obligations
Civil Code, Article 6:162
Businesses owe a duty of care to their customers and others in their vicinity, and thus could be held liable if their actions cause injury or harm to pedestrians.
Civil Code, Article 6:174
This provision codifies the liability for damages as a result of failure to prevent users from danger. The full text of article 6:174 Civil Code reads:
The owner of a premises that does not meet the requirements that may be expected from it in the given circumstances, and thereby poses a danger to persons or property, is liable, when this danger arises, unless liability pursuant to the previous section would have been missing had he known this danger at the time of its creation. In these cases, a risk liability exists for the proprietor of a street or pedestrian area. Culpability does not need to be established.
The Building Decree and the Spatial Planning Act (from 1/1/2024).
Municipal Ordinances
In many municipalities, there are ordinances which include prohibitions of blocking streets and pedestrian areas, or causing a nuisance. For example, Utrecht’s Algemene plaatselijke verordening (‘General Local Ordinance’ – APV) includes provisions relating to the placing of obstructions on or above roads and the obstruction of footpaths.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Straatmeubilair en rommel
Covering the issues of street clutter, including: trade-related obstacles; decorative items; and parked vehicles.
This video will start playing at 1m22s
Maja’s Routine Reis
Maja, a mother with a pram and small children, wears a camera to document her journey in Utrecht, Netherlands, as she navigates: overgrown vegetation; bollards; and narrow footpaths.
This video will start playing at 2m03s
Read the full Netherlands guide
Awareness guide: (Kenya)
When we’re a pedestrian
Comply with The Highway Code.
Be alert to the possibility that other pedestrians may have disabilities and which may not always be apparent to you. Note that a white cane indicates that the person holding it is blind or partially-sighted and that a red and white cane indicates that the person has both hearing and visual problems. Note that somebody using hand gestures might be communicating in Sign Language and unable to hear you – do not treat them as though they are stupid or drunk.
Where there are narrow gaps, give people with disabilities time and space to pass.
Keep any phone calls short and stop in an out-of-the-way place for longer calls.
Ask people with disabilities who seem to be struggling (eg to cross a road) if they’d like help. If they say yes, ask them how they would like to be helped – and listen to what they say.
Do not drop litter.
Our Legal Obligations
The Highway Code
The NTSA has a Highway Code, which provides guidelines for road users, including pedestrians, cyclists and motorcyclists. The Highway Code is not a legal document in itself, but it is based on the Kenya Traffic Act that governs the use of roads in Kenya. These guidelines provide information on how these road users can be safe while on the roads. The Highway Code provides guidance for pedestrians on how to make sure they stay safe while using roads, at crossings, etc (Guidelines 1-21).
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Walemavu wanaotembea kwa miguu pamoja na ufahamu na mtazamo wa wengine
Covering issues facing disabled people including: attitudes; confrontation; and driver behaviour.
This video will start playing at 44s
When we’re at home
Make sure nothing (eg windows, trees or bushes) sticks out over walkways.
Avoid creating trip hazards across walkways.
Park vehicles (such as cars or bikes) off walkways.
Keep walkways where we live clear of rubbish.
Report problems with walkways near where we live to the county government.
Our Legal Obligations
Negligence and Occupier’s Liability
Homeowners, tenants and occupiers may owe a duty of care to pedestrians under the tort of negligence.
The Occupiers Liability Act (Cap. 34) imposes a duty of care on occupiers toward lawful visitors. Under the Act, a duty of care is imposed as a consequence of a person’s occupation of premises for dangers arising from the state of the premises. An occupier is someone who has a sufficient degree of control or “occupational control” over the premises. The term “premises” has been interpreted broadly by the courts. Thus, a piece of equipment carelessly left on a walkway by an occupier, and which presents a trip hazard for pedestrians, might fall within the scope of the Act and give rise to liability if a pedestrian is injured because of it.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Hisia za Watu Wenye Ulemavu Katika Barabara za Nairobi Kaunti, Kenya
Covering issues facing disabled people in Nairobi, including: driver attitudes; footpath disrepair; and construction work.
This video will start playing at 3m25ss
When we’re driving cars, vans or riding motorbikes
Comply with The Traffic Act and The Highway Code.
Stop to let pedestrians with disabilities cross roads.
Avoid parking on walkways.
Avoid parking so as to block dropped kerbs or pedestrian crossings.
Make sure that, when parking, there is nothing sticking out from vehicles across the walkway.
When parking, check for passing pedestrians before opening doors across the walkway.
Do not park in spaces designated for persons with disabilities.
Our Legal Obligations
The Highway Code provides guidelines for motorcyclists (40-43) and a lengthy list of general guidelines, which apply to all motorists (47 and following).
Criminal Law
Where a road user causes harm through dangerous driving, they may face criminal charges under the Traffic Act. Part V of the Act creates specific offences with regard to driving, and they include driving on walkways and pedestrian walkways, causing death by driving or obstruction, reckless driving, driving without due care and attention, speeding, and failure to obey signs and signals. Section 45A of the Traffic Act makes it an offence to drive on pedestrian walkways, in order to avoid traffic. The act of driving on walkways or pedestrian walkways amounts to obstruction of those spaces for pedestrians.
Negligence
Drivers, motorists and road users may also owe a duty of care to pedestrians and other road users under the tort of negligence. Liability in negligence for injury to a pedestrian may arise if:
- A road user owes a duty of care to the claimant pedestrian;
- The defendant road user breached that duty; and
- There is a causal link between the injury or harm suffered by the claimant pedestrian and the defendant road user’s breach of duty.
Negligence can be summed up as a general duty not to cause injury or harm because of careless or negligent behaviour. As such, liability can be avoided where people act as a reasonable, prudent person would have done in similar circumstances.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Safari ya Kawaida ya Sandra
Sandra, a woman who has vision impairment, is followed by a videographer, documenting her journey in Nairobi, Kenya, as she navigates: traffic; crowds; and busy crossings.
This video will start playing at 2m30s
Kivukio cha wanotembea kwa miguu wanopokumbana na magari
Covering issues of crossing the road, including: crowds; driver attitudes; and assistance.
This video will start playing at 6m42s
When we’re cycling
Comply with The Highway Code.
Avoid cycling on walkways or in areas with lots of pedestrians.
Slow down and stop to let pedestrians with disabilities cross.
Be aware that being a pedestrian on a busy road is often extremely stressful for pedestrians with disabilities. Try to be considerate and helpful and not to make the situation any more stressful for them.
When cycling in a space that is shared with pedestrians, give them plenty of space and keep speed down or, better still, get off and push.
Fit your bike with a working bell, so pedestrians will know you’re coming.
Our Legal Obligations
The Highway Code
Guidelines 22 – 33 contain guidance for cyclists, including a requirement not to cycle on a walkway and move to the walkway and push your bicycle if unable to continue riding (23); and to be on the lookout for pedestrians stepping into our path (25).
The Traffic Act
Section 89 covers restrictions on riding bicycles. It is understood that most electric bikes fall within the scope of the Traffic Act as bicycles (Section 2).
Negligence
Liability in negligence could arise where a cyclist causes injury or harm to a pedestrian.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Hisia za Watu Wenye Ulemavu Katika Barabara za Mombasa Kaunti, Kenya (fupi)
Covering issues of: footpath disrepair; attitudes towards disabled people; and driver behaviour.
This video will start playing at 1m17s
When we’re using scooters or other micro-mobility devices
Comply with The Highway Code and all relevant laws and guidance.
Never ride scooters on walkways, even if it is technically lawful to do so. Dismount and push scooters when on walkways.
When in spaces that are shared with pedestrians, slow down and give them plenty of space or dismount and push.
Our Legal Obligations
Negligence
All road users owe a duty of care to each other, including pedestrians. Where a person is using an e-scooter in a negligent or unsafe manner, such as riding fast on the walkway, it could give rise to civil or even criminal liability.
When at work or running a business
Not putting advertisement or other boards/signs on walkways.
Not allowing anything (eg an open window) to stick out across walkways at head height or below.
Avoid placing market stalls where they will make pedestrian thoroughfares too narrow for wheelchair-users or create trip hazards and crowding.
Erect border fencing, with ground-level barriers, to enclose outdoor café furniture.
Keep walkways clean and free of rubbish.
Comply with best practice design guidance for the installation and positioning of ramps and other access features.
Our Legal Obligations
Negligence
Businesses owe a duty of care to their customers and others in their vicinity, and thus could be held liable if their actions cause injury or harm to pedestrians.
Design and Building Code Guidance
There are various guidance documents on building codes and accessibility, including KS ISO 21542:2011 Building Construction – Accessibility and usability of the built environment; and KS ISO IECGU 71:2014 Guidelines for standards developers to address the needs of older persons and persons with disability. Legal Notice number 62 of 2009 The Persons with Disabilities (Access to Employment, Services and Facilities) makes some provisions on accessibility of sports and recreational services under Regulation 10.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Hisia za Watu Wenye Ulemavu Katika Barabara za Nairobi Kaunti, Kenya
Covering issues facing disabled people in Nairobi, including: driver attitudes; footpath disrepair; and construction work.
This video will start playing at 1m36s
Hisia za Watu Wenye Ulemavu Katika Barabara za Mombasa Kaunti, Kenya (fupi)
Covering issues of: footpath disrepair; attitudes towards disabled people; and driver behaviour.
This video will start playing at 3m52s
Read the full Kenyan guide
Awareness guide: (USA)
When we’re a pedestrian
Be alert to the possibility that other pedestrians may be disabled people and that their impairments may not be apparent. Anticipating where there are narrow gaps and giving them time and space to navigate through.
Keep any phone calls whilst on the move short and stopping in an out-of-the-way place for longer calls – to avoid walking whilst being distracted from what is going on around us.
At controlled crossings, being aware that people with visual impairments and people who are Deaf-Blind might need to locate the control box so they can feel the spinning cone underneath it.
Being aware that the spinning cones on crossing boxes do not always work. If a disabled person has been trying to cross a road for some time, ask if they’d like any assistance. If they say no, trust their judgement and let them be. If they say yes, let them explain how they would like to be helped – eg being told when it’s OK to cross, taking an arm etc.
Not dropping litter – it might become slippery or a trip hazard.
Our Legal Obligations
Negligence
State Law
Legislation such as the New York Vehicle and Traffic Law (Chapter 71, Title 7, Article 27) specifies Pedestrians’ Rights and Duties, such as the obligation to use sidewalks where they are provided and may be used with safety. Similarly, the Rights and Duties of Pedestrians are covered in the Georgia Code (Title 40, Chapter 6, Article 5).
Negligence
Pedestrians owe a duty of care to other road users, including other pedestrians. Although courts have been willing to prioritize pedestrians over other road users, this does not mean a pedestrian will be shielded from liability where their careless or negligent behavior causes injury or harm to another road user.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
When we’re at home
Make sure no trees or bushes stick out over or onto the sidewalk.
Avoid creating trip hazards across the sidewalk – eg charging cables for electric cars, toys, scooters or bicycles.
Position trash bins in places that allow pedestrians (including wheelchair-users) to pass by without having to go onto the road.
Park cars so they do not block sidewalks, curb-cuts or other key access points.
Keep the sidewalks running alongside property clear of leaves and snow.
Report any sidewalk faults or hazards to local authorities.
Our Legal Obligations
Premises Liability Laws
Negligence
City Ordinances
These regulate issues such as sidewalk obstruction, the removal of snow and ice from sidewalks (eg Sec. 24-3 of the City of Syracuse Code of Ordinances)
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Obstacles on sidewalks
Covering issues of obstacles on sidewalks, including: vegetation; scooters; and trash cans.
This video will start playing at 1m40s
When we’re driving
Ensure compliance with relevant local and state law.
Avoid parking in places that block access to curb cuts or crosswalks.
Ensure that, when parking, nothing is sticking out from vehicles across the sidewalk.
When parking, check for passing pedestrians before opening doors onto the sidewalk.
Our Legal Obligations
State Law
Georgia Code Title 40, which applies to Motor Vehicles and Traffic. Section 40-6-144, for example, states that “No person shall drive any vehicle upon a sidewalk or sidewalk area except upon a permanent or duly authorized driveway”. Section 40-6-93 requires every driver of a vehicle to exercise due care to avoid colliding with a pedestrian upon any highway. The right of way is given to pedestrians if they have already entered the roadway and when they cross the road within a marked crosswalk or within an unmarked crosswalk at an intersection.
New York Vehicle and Traffic Law Title 7 dictates the Rules of the Road: Section 1146, for example, states “every driver of a vehicle shall exercise due care to avoid colliding with any … pedestrian … upon any roadway and shall give warning by sounding the horn when necessary.”
Negligence
Statutes, like the Georgia Code and the New York Vehicle and Traffic Law, may regulate certain activities or identify certain conduct as criminal or wrongful, but they may also serve as the basis for a civil negligence action. Accordingly, if pedestrians are injured by a driver who did not exercise due care, they may file common law causes of action, such as negligence.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Ricky’s Routine Journey
Ricky, a man who has vision and hearing impairment, is followed by a videographer documenting his journey in Atlanta, USA, as he navigates: pedestrian crossings; busy streets; and street furniture.
This video will start playing at 1m0s
When we’re cycling
Ensure compliance with relevant local and state law and guidance.
Avoid cycling on sidewalks – if necessary for safety reasons, dismount and push the bike along the sidewalk or (if dismounting is not possible because eg of a mobility disability), ride no faster than walking speed.
When in a bicycle lane, be alert to pedestrians who might need to cross, particularly if they have a white cane, a guide dog or a mobility device.
Slow down and stop to let pedestrians cross.
Be aware that pedestrians walking in a bicycle lane may be doing so accidentally or because there is no easy means for them to exit it.
When cycling in a space shared with pedestrians, be mindful of them. Give them plenty of space and slow down when approaching and passing and, if in a busy area, dismount or ride no faster than walking speed.
Our Legal Obligations
State Law
Legislation such as the New York Vehicle and Traffic Law (Sec. 1231), which makes bicyclists, skaters, and those gliding on in-line skates subject to the same duties of care applicable to a driver of a vehicle. Similarly, as the Georgia Code considers a bicycle to be a vehicle, Title 40 Georgia Code, discussed above, applies to cyclists as well.
Local Ordinances
For example, the City of Atlanta Code of Ordinances Article V (Sec. 150-201 et seq.) relates to bicycles: “Every person riding a bicycle upon a roadway shall be granted all of the rights and shall be subject to all of the duties applicable to the driver of a vehicle by this chapter and other traffic ordinances of the city applicable to the driver of a vehicle.”
Negligence
Liability in negligence could arise where a cyclist causes injury or harm to a pedestrian. Cyclists owe a duty of care to pedestrians.
When we’re using scooters or other micro-mobility devices
Ensure compliance with relevant local and state laws and guidance.
Never ride scooters on sidewalks.
Scooters can travel at higher speeds and are virtually silent. When in spaces that are shared with pedestrians, be mindful of them. Giving them plenty of space and slow down when approaching and passing or, when in a busy area, dismount.
Our Legal Obligations
State Law
Such as the Atlanta City Council Ordinance 18-0-1322, adopted January 2019, which addresses regulations for scooter riders and helps protect everyone navigating the streets and sidewalks through the City of Atlanta.
City Ordinances
At the local level, the City of Atlanta Code of Ordinances (Sec. 150-400 – 150-407), which sets out regulations on the use of shareable dockless mobility devices.
Negligence
As mentioned above road users owe a duty of care to each other. Using an e-scooter in a negligent or unsafe manner, such as riding on the sidewalk at speed, could give rise to civil or even criminal liability.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Obstacles on sidewalks
Covering issues of obstacles on sidewalks, including: vegetation; scooters; and trash cans.
This video will start playing at 2m24s
When we’re at work or running a business
Avoid putting advertisements or other boards/signs on the sidewalk where they make create obstructions.
Avoid attaching any objects to buildings adjacent to sidewalks that protrude and pose a risk of injury to pedestrians.
When placing cafe furniture outdoors, ensure that it is within a border that extends to ground level so that it can be detected by blind people using long canes.
Keep sidewalks outside business premises clean.
Our Legal Obligations
Negligence
Businesses owe a duty of care to their customers and others in their vicinity and could be held liable if their actions cause injury or harm to pedestrians.
City Ordinances
The Syracuse Code of Ordinances, for example, prohibits various acts of obstruction of sidewalks, the violation of these may inform a claim in negligence. The Atlanta Code of Ordinances (138-15) makes it “unlawful for any person to obstruct any sidewalk by placing thereon goods, wares, merchandise or other things of value for the purpose of display or advertising”.
Films illustrating types of problem we can help to address
Poorly maintained and missing sidewalks
Covering issues on sidewalk disrepair, including: roadworks; tree root hazards; and barrier consequences.
This video will start playing at 3m45s
Read the full USA guide
Change-making in our communities (India)
If you would like to help remove a particular type of barrier or danger that disabled and other pedestrians routinely face when trying to get around, the possible actions and options here are worth exploring:
Deciding how much time to invest and what you want to get out of taking action
Take some time to think about what you want to achieve. For example, do you want financial compensation for an injury or some other harm? Do you want the particular problem to be removed so you won’t come across it again? Do you want to stop that kind of problem happening anywhere else, so you and other people won’t run into it anywhere else in your town or perhaps in other towns too?
Your thoughts about what you want to get out of taking action are likely to be influenced by how much you would need to put in to making things happen. So extra questions to think about are:
- How much time do you want to put in?
- Do you want to work on your own or would you prefer to work with other people?
- Would you like to meet and work with other people who have been affected by the same sort of problem?
Reporting the problem
Depending on what the problem is, consider reporting it to:
- The person in your neighbourhood causing the problem. Consider asking a friend or other supporter to accompany you, or even do this on your behalf if you are concerned about possible bad reactions.
- Your local authority.
If the problem is in a public space (e.g. a pavement), it is always worth raising the issue with your municipal corporation. You can identify your local corporation using this link: https://igod.gov.in/leg/L008/organizations
For Delhi, reports can be made at https://mcdonline.nic.in/portal/
For Pune, reports can be made at https://www.pmc.gov.in/en/online-services, or phone (toll-free) 1800-1030-222
You are also able to register a complaint with the Chief Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities at https://ccpdcourt.gov.in/efiling or with your State’s Commissioner.
Similarly, the National Human Rights Commission receives complaints at https://nhrc.nic.in/complaints/complaints/how-to-file-a-complaints or you can make a complaint to your State’s Commission which are listed here https://nhrc.nic.in/about-us/state-commission.
Letting the police know about the problem
If you think the problem amounts to a crime, you can report it to the police.
If you think the problem amounts to a crime, report it to the police. Unless there is a real emergency you should not dial 112, but you can make a report to your local police service.
Raising public awareness
Mainstream media
- Local newspapers
- Local radio
- Local television
Social media
- Bluesky (Learn how to use Bluesky to find communities using feeds and #tags here)
- Facebook groups
- Linked-in groups
- Whatsapp communities and groups
- Neighborhood apps
Taking collective action
Is the problem something you want to work with others to change? If so, consider contacting and joining one or more organisations working to address problems of the relevant type. Different types of organisation are likely to be working on the issue – at national or local level. Examples of types are:
- Road safety organisations
- Accessibility organisations
- Human rights organisations
- Disabled People’s Organisations
- Older people’s organisations
- Parents’ organisations
- Pedestrian or walking organisations
- Local community or neighbourhood groups
Seeking help from your Local Elected Officials
You can also take action by seeking help from somebody whose role it is to represent you in their elected office.
Information regarding how to contact a Municipal Councillor can be found on each Municipal Corporation’s website.
At the national level, you can find your member of the Lok Sabha at: https://sansad.in/ls/members
A link to our printable guide for pedestrians affected by accessibility barriers can be found here.
Change-making in our communities (Kenya)
If you would like to help remove a particular type of barrier or danger that disabled and other pedestrians routinely face when trying to get around, the possible actions and options here are worth exploring:
Deciding how much time to invest and what you want to get out of taking action
Take some time to think about what you want to achieve. For example, do you want financial compensation for an injury or some other harm? Do you want the particular problem to be removed so you won’t come across it again? Do you want to stop that kind of problem happening anywhere else, so you and other people won’t run into it anywhere else in your town or perhaps in other towns too?
Your thoughts about what you want to get out of taking action are likely to be influenced by how much you would need to put in to making things happen. So extra questions to think about are:
- How much time do you want to put in?
- Do you want to work on your own or would you prefer to work with other people?
- Would you like to meet and work with other people who have been affected by the same sort of problem?
Reporting the Problem
Depending on what the problem is, consider reporting it to:
- The person in your neighbourhood causing the problem. Consider asking a friend or other supporter to accompany you, or even do this on your behalf if you are concerned about possible bad reactions.
- Your local authority.
If the problem is in a public space (eg a walkway), it is always worth raising the issue with your county government. You can identify your county government using this link: https://infohub.co.ke/2016/04/all-kenya-county-governments-contacts.html
Letting the police know about the problem
If you think the problem amounts to a crime, you can report it to the police.
If you think the problem in question amounts to a crime, you can contact the police to report it. Unless there is a real emergency, you should not dial 999. The Kenya Police Service website provides more information on what to report and how to report it:
Raising public awareness
Mainstream Media
- Local newspapers
- Local radio
- Local television
Social media
- Bluesky (Learn how to use Bluesky to find communities using feeds and #tags here)
- Facebook groups
- Linked-in groups
- Whatsapp communities and groups
- Neighborhood apps
Taking collective action
Is the problem something you want to work with others to change? If so, consider contacting and joining one or more organisations working to address problems of the relevant type. Different types of organisations are likely to be working on the issue – at national or local level. Examples are:
- Road safety organisations
- Human rights organisations
- Disabled People’s Organisations
- Older people’s organisations
- Parents’ organisations
- Pedestrian or walking organisations
- Local community or neighbourhood groups
Seeking Help from your Local Elected Officials
You can also take action by seeking help from somebody whose role it is to represent you in their elected office.
At the local level, you can write to your member of county assembly. Details of how to find out who they are and how to contact them in Nairobi County and Mombasa County are at:
https://nairobiassembly.go.ke/
https://www.mombasaassembly.go.ke
At the national level, you can contact your Member of the National Assembly or Senate. Online information on them are at: http://www.parliament.go.ke/the-national-assembly/mps
A link to our printable guide for pedestrians affected by accessibility barriers can be found here.
Change-making in our communities (Netherlands)
If you would like to help remove a particular type of barrier or danger that disabled and other pedestrians routinely face when trying to get around, the possible actions and options here are worth exploring:
Deciding how much time to invest and what you want to get out of taking action
Take some time to think about what you want to achieve.
For example, do you want financial compensation for an injury or some other harm? Do you want the particular problem to be removed so you won’t come across it again? Do you want to stop that kind of problem happening anywhere else, so you and other people won’t run into it anywhere else in your town or perhaps in other towns too?
Your thoughts about what you want to get out of taking action are likely to be influenced by how much you would need to put in to making things happen. So extra questions to think about are:
- How much time do you want to put in?
- Do you want to work on your own or would you prefer to work with other people?
- Would you like to meet and work with other people who have been affected by the same sort of problem?
Reporting the problem
Depending on what the problem is, consider reporting it to:
- The person in your neighbourhood causing the problem. Consider asking a friend or other supporter to accompany you, or even do this on your behalf, if you do not know the person causing the problem and are worried about how they might react.
- Your local authority, if the problem is in a public space (e.g. a pavement).
In Utrecht, there is an online complaint mechanism (the smart reporting or ‘slim melden’ app and website) where you can report problems with e.g. maintenance, repairs, traffic and road works. In particular, you can also report if you see an obstacle that affects wheelchair users or persons with a visual impairment. Link: https://pki.utrecht.nl/Loket/product/ade6dfef515a354bc826a9b579087cc7
In Almere, there is also an online complaint mechanism where you can report problems in public spaces, such as broken street lighting or broken sagging road surface, sidewalk or bicycle path.
English: https://english.almere.nl/contact/report-a-problem
Dutch: https://www.almere.nl/wonen/beheer-en-onderhoud/melding-openbare-ruimte
Letting the police know about the problem
If you think the problem in question amounts to a crime, you can contact the police to report it. Unless there is a real emergency, you should not dial 112. Instead call 0900 8844. If you are Deaf or hard of hearing, for non-emergencies you can contact a text equivalent via 0900 1844. There is also an anonymous tip-line to report crimes via 0800 7000.
More information on what to report and how to report it can be found at https://www.politie.nl/contact
Raising public awareness
Mainstream media
- Local newspapers
- Local radio
- Local television
Social media
- Bluesky (Learn how to use Bluesky to find communities using feeds and #tags here)
- Facebook groups
- Linked-in groups
- Whatsapp communities and groups
- Neighborhood apps
Taking collective action
Is the problem something you want to work with others to change? If so, consider contacting and joining one or more organisations working to address problems of the relevant type. Different types of organisations are likely to be working on the issue – at national or local level. Examples are:
- Road safety organisations;
- Accessibility organisations
- Human rights organisations;
- Disabled People’s Organisations;
- Older people’s organisations;
- Parents’ organisations;
- Pedestrian or walking organisations;
- Local community or neighbourhood groups.
Seeking help from your Local Elected Officials
You can also take action by seeking help from somebody whose role it is to represent you in their elected office.
At the local level, you can write to your representative on the municipal government. Details of how to find out who they are and how to contact them can be found at:
https://organisaties.overheid.nl/Gemeenten
At the national level, the Parliament suggests a number of ways to get involved and raise concerns at:
https://www.houseofrepresentatives.nl/how-parliament-works/peoples-opinion-matters-0
https://www.tweedekamer.nl/zo-werkt-de-kamer/hoe-krijg-ik-invloed
A link to our printable guide for pedestrians affected by accessibility barriers can be found here.
Change-making in our communities (UK)
If you would like to help remove a particular type of barrier or danger that disabled and other pedestrians routinely face when trying to get around, the possible actions and options here are worth exploring:
Deciding how much time to invest and what you want to get out of taking action
Take some time to think about what you want to achieve.
For example, do you want financial compensation for an injury or some other harm? Do you want the particular problem to be removed so you won’t come across it again? Do you want to stop that kind of problem happening anywhere else, so you and other people won’t run into it anywhere else in your town or perhaps in other towns too?
Your thoughts about what you want to get out of taking action are likely to be influenced by how much you would need to put in to making things happen. So extra questions to think about are:
- How much time do you want to put in?
- Do you want to work on your own or would you prefer to work with other people?
- Would you like to meet and work with other people who have been affected by the same sort of problem?
Reporting the Problem
Depending on what the problem is, consider reporting it to:
- The person in your neighbourhood causing the problem. Consider asking a friend or other supporter to accompany you, or even do this on your behalf if you are concerned about possible bad reactions.
- Your local authority.
- Fix My Street, which sends a report to your local council.
There will probably be various ways of reporting problems. For example, on the Leeds City Council website at: https://www.leeds.gov.uk
The following can be reported:
- A road, path, or cycle lane that needs cleaning: https://www.leeds.gov.uk/environmental-health/report-a-road-that-needs-cleaning
- Fly tipping: https://www.leeds.gov.uk/antisocial-behaviour-and-crime/report-fly-tipping
- A problem related to grass cutting and verges: https://www.leeds.gov.uk/environmental-health/grass-verges-and-cutting
- A problem with a public right of way: https://www.leeds.gov.uk/parks-and-countryside/public-rights-of-way/report-a-problem-with-a-public-right-of-way
- Illegal advertising (like obstructive A-boards): https://www.leeds.gov.uk/environmental-health/illegal-advertising
And, on the Glasgow City Council website, the following problems can be reported:
- Road faults: https://www.glasgow.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=22815
- A fault with pedestrian crossing/traffic lights: https://www.glasgow.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=20300
- Lighting faults: https://www.glasgow.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=22816
- A problem with a bin in a public space: https://www.glasgow.gov.uk/index.aspx?articleid=20206
Letting the police know about the problem
If you think the problem amounts to a crime, you can report it to the police by dialling 101. The Police UK website provides more information on what to report and how to report it:
https://www.police.uk/pu/contact-the-police/what-and-how-to-report
Raising Public Awareness
Mainstream media
- Local newspapers
- Local radio
- Local television
Social Media:
- Bluesky (Learn how to use Bluesky to find communities using feeds and #tags here)
- Facebook groups
- Linked-in groups
- Whatsapp communities and groups
- Neighborhood apps
Taking Collective Action
Is the problem something you want to work with others to change? If so, consider contacting and joining one or more organisations working to address problems of the relevant type. Different types of organisation are likely to be working on the issue – at national or local level. Examples of types are:
- Access organisations;
- Disabled People’s Organisations;
- Older people’s organisations;
- Parents’ organisations;
- Pedestrian or walking organisations;
- Local community or neighbourhood groups.
Seeking help from your Local Elected Officials in Parliament or devolved government
You can also take action by seeking help from somebody whose role it is to represent you in their elected office.
At the local level, you can write to your local councillor or speak to them at one of their regular surgeries. Details of how to find out who they are and how to contact them are at: https://www.gov.uk/find-your-local-councillors
At the national level, you can contact your Member of the Westminster Parliament. Online details of how to find out how to contact them are at: https://members.parliament.uk/members/Commons
Or you could ring the House of Commons Enquiry Service on 020 7219 4272. Callers with a text phone can talk through Text Relay by calling 18001 followed by 020 7219 4272.
In Scotland, you can find your Member of Scottish Parliament by entering your postcode on The Scottish Parliament website at: https://www.parliament.scot/msps/current-and-previous-msps
or by phone on 0800 092 7500;
or using British Sign Language (BSL) through the BSL video relay service on the Contact Scotland BSL website at: https://contactscotland-bsl.org
In Wales, you can find your Members of the Senedd by entering your postcode on the Welsh Parliament website at: https://senedd.wales/find-a-member-of-the-senedd
or by phone on 0300 200 6565;
or by using Relay UK at https://www.relayuk.bt.com
A link to our printable guide for pedestrians affected by accessibility barriers can be found here.
Change-making in our communities (USA)
In his senate speech in support of the Americans with Disabilities Act, Senator Tom Harkin said ‘Disabled individuals spend a lifetime overcoming not what God wrought, but what man has imposed by custom and law’.
If you would like to help remove a particular type of barrier or danger that disabled and other pedestrians routinely face when trying to get around, the possible actions and options here are worth exploring:
Deciding how much time to invest and what you want to get out of taking action
Take some time to think about what you want to achieve. For example, do you want financial compensation for an injury or some other harm? Do you want the particular problem to be removed so you won’t come across it again? Do you want to stop that kind of problem happening anywhere else, so you and other people won’t run into it anywhere else in your town or perhaps in other towns too?
Your thoughts about what you want to get out of taking action are likely to be influenced by how much you would need to put in to making things happen. So extra questions to think about are:
- How much time do you want to put in?
- Do you want to work on your own or would you prefer to work with other people?
- Would you like to meet and work with other people who have been affected by the same sort of problem?
Reporting the problem
Depending on what the problem is, consider reporting it to the person in your neighborhood causing the problem. Consider asking a friend or other supporter to accompany you, or even do this on your behalf if you are concerned about possible bad reactions.
If the problem is in a public space (e.g. a sidewalk), it is always worth raising the issue with your city authority. There are likely to be various ways of reporting problems. For example, most cities and towns, including Syracuse and Atlanta, have a 311 center to address non-emergency government services, report issues, or access services. This service enables people to submit and track service requests, and keep up with information, either by calling 311 or online.
In Atlanta, for example, cases can be submitted on barriers such as:
The City of Syracuse has a similar reporting system, called ‘See Click Fix’, for repair of, eg, a sidewalk, road, streetlamp etc, or to request code enforcement on issues such as sidewalk snow removal, sidewalk cleanliness or obstructions:
https://seeclickfix.com/web_portal/ygUdoPqup5sniypQqnnx9xgi/report/category
The Americans with Disabilities Act requires city and state governments with 50 or more employees to employ an ADA Coordinator to address accessibility complaints.
- In Syracuse: https://www.syracuseut.gov/464/Accessibility-information
- In Atlanta: https://www.atlantaga.gov/government/departments/department-of-enterprise-asset-management/ada-compliance
Letting the police know about the problem
If you think the problem in question amounts to a crime, you can contact the police to report it. Unless there is a real emergency, you should not dial 911. The websites for city police departments provide more information on non-emergency issues, what to report and how to report it:
Atlanta Police Department: https://www.atlantapd.org/about-apd/contact-us
Syracuse Police Department: https://www.syr.gov/Departments/Police
Raising public awareness
Mainstream media
- Local newspapers
- Local radio
- Local television
Social media
- Bluesky (Learn how to use Bluesky to find communities using feeds and #tags here)
- Facebook groups
- Linked-in groups
- Whatsapp communities and groups
- Neighborhood apps
Taking collective action
Is the problem something you want to work with others to change? If so, consider contacting and joining one or more organizations working to address problems of the relevant type. Different types of organizations are likely to be working on the issue – at the state or local level. Examples are:
- Accessibility organizations
- Organizations of people with disabilities
- Seniors’ organizations
- Parents’ organizations
- Pedestrian or walking organizations
- Local community or neighborhood groups
Seeking help from your local elected officials in Parliament or devolved government
Seeking help from somebody whose role it is to represent you in their elected office. At the local level, you could write to your city council members. Details on who they are and how to contact them are at:
Atlanta: https://citycouncil.atlantaga.gov/home
Syracuse: https://www.syr.gov/Departments/Common-Council/Councilors
At the state level, you could write to your state legislator. Details on who they are and how to contact them are at:
Georgia: https://www.legis.ga.gov/
New York: https://nyassembly.gov/
At the national level, you could contact your congressman or congresswoman. Details on who they are and how to contact them are at:
A link to our printable guide for pedestrians affected by accessibility barriers can be found here.
Stories of solidarity
We have gathered stories of pedestrians’ experiences of exclusion in public space, coping strategies and steps taken to pursue change. In future months we aim to collect more voices to build upon these initial examples. Please read the stories gathered thus far.